【般若波罗蜜多心经翻译】《般若波罗蜜多心经》是佛教中极为重要的一部经典,简称《心经》,属于大乘佛教般若类经典的核心内容。它以简短的文字传达深奥的佛法智慧,强调“空性”的思想,是修行者修习禅定与智慧的重要依据。
本文将对《般若波罗蜜多心经》进行翻译,并结合其核心思想进行总结,帮助读者更好地理解这部经典的内涵。
一、原文与翻译对照
中文原文 | 英文翻译(标准译本) |
般若波罗蜜多心经 | Heart Sutra (Prajnaparamita Hridaya Sutra) |
观自在菩萨,行深般若波罗蜜多时,照见五蕴皆空,度一切苦厄。 | Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva, while practicing the profound perfection of wisdom, saw that the five aggregates are empty and thus liberated all suffering. |
舍利子,色不异空,空不异色;色即是空,空即是色。 | O Shariputra, form is not different from emptiness, nor is emptiness different from form; form is emptiness, and emptiness is form. |
受想行识,亦复如是。 | Feeling, perception, mental formations, and consciousness are also like this. |
舍利子,是诸法空相,不生不灭,不垢不净,不增不减。 | O Shariputra, the nature of all dharmas is emptiness; it is neither born nor perished, neither pure nor impure, neither increased nor decreased. |
是故空中无色,无受想行识,无眼耳鼻舌身意,无色声香味触法。 | Therefore, in emptiness there is no form, no feeling, no perception, no mental formation, no consciousness; no eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, or mind; no form, sound, smell, taste, touch, or dharma. |
无眼界,乃至无意识界;无无明,亦无无明尽,乃至无老死,亦无老死尽。 | No eye-consciousness, up to no mind-consciousness; no ignorance, nor the end of ignorance, up to no old age and death, nor the end of old age and death. |
无苦集灭道,无智亦无得。 | No suffering, no accumulation, no cessation, no path; no wisdom, no attainment. |
以无所得故,菩提萨埵,依般若波罗蜜多故,心无挂碍;无挂碍故,无有恐怖,远离颠倒梦想,究竟涅槃。 | Because there is no attainment, bodhisattvas rely on the perfection of wisdom and have no hindrances in their minds; without hindrances, they have no fear, and they transcend all delusions, reaching ultimate Nirvana. |
三世诸佛,依般若波罗蜜多故,得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提。 | All past, present, and future Buddhas attain Anuttara Samyak Sambodhi by relying on the perfection of wisdom. |
故知般若波罗蜜多,是大神咒,是大明咒,是无上咒,是无等等咒,能除一切苦,真实不虚。 | Thus, the Prajnaparamita is a great mantra, a supreme mantra, an unsurpassed mantra, a mantra that has no equal, which can eliminate all suffering and is truly not false. |
故说般若波罗蜜多咒,即说咒曰:揭谛揭谛,波罗揭谛,波罗僧揭谛,菩提萨婆诃。 | Therefore, the mantra of Prajnaparamita is: "Gaté, Gaté, Pārāgaté, Pārāsamgaté, Bodhi Svāhā." |
二、总结
《般若波罗蜜多心经》虽然篇幅短小,但内容深邃,体现了佛教“空性”思想的核心理念。通过“色即是空,空即是色”等句子,揭示了现象世界与本质之间的关系,强调一切法皆无自性,唯有觉悟才能超越烦恼,达到解脱。
此经不仅在佛教修行中具有重要地位,也因其简洁而富有哲理的语言,被广泛用于冥想、诵读和教学。其翻译版本众多,不同译本在语言风格和表达方式上略有差异,但核心思想基本一致。
三、关键概念解释
概念 | 解释 |
般若 | 智慧,特别是指超越世俗认知的终极智慧 |
波罗蜜多 | 到彼岸,指通过修行达到解脱 |
心经 | “心”代表核心或精髓,“经”为经典,合称“核心经典” |
五蕴 | 色、受、想、行、识,构成人的身心 |
空性 | 一切事物没有独立、固定的本质 |
涅槃 | 解脱痛苦,达到终极寂静的状态 |
通过以上翻译与总结,我们可以更清晰地理解《般若波罗蜜多心经》的哲学内涵与修行意义。无论从学术研究还是实践修行的角度来看,这部经典都值得深入学习与体悟。